Legal malpractice may occur where a lawyer acts in a negligent manner when providing legal advice or representation.
The Elements of Legal Malpractice
Typically, to prevail in a legal malpractice case, a plaintiff must prove all of the following:
· The existence of an attorney-client relationship;
· Negligence in the legal representation of the plaintiff;
· That the negligence was a proximate cause of an injury;
· The fact and extent of the injury alleged.
In many legal malpractice actions, there may be discussion of whether the plaintiff could win the "case within a case". This discussion occurs in malpractice cases involving prior litigation, where a plaintiff claims to have either lost or to have recovered a smaller amount of damages than warranted by the facts and law, as a result of the original lawyer's malpractice.
In order for the plaintiff to establish that damages were suffered as a result of the alleged malpractice, it is often necessary for the plaintiff to prove that, but for the malpractice, a favorable verdict would have been won or greater damages recovered. In essence, this is a retrial of the original litigation within the context of the malpractice action - a case within a case.
Proving Legal Malpractice
As the elements outlined above suggest, the first thing a plaintiff must do in order to prove legal malpractice is to establish that an attorney-client relationship existed, without the relationship, the lawyer doesn't have any duty to the client, and there is no basis for a malpractice action.
The plaintiff must then establish the "standard of care" which governed the legal representation, and show that the attorney violated that standard of care. Sometimes this is easy, and may not even require any expert testimony. However, as legal representation is often complex, it is often necessary to use an expert witness to establish the governing standard of care, and to describe how the lawyer violated that standard of care.
Next, it is necessary to demonstrate that the plaintiff suffered an injury as a proximate result of the lawyer's negligence. That is, that the injury followed from the lawyer's misconduct.
Finally, the plaintiff must ordinarily establish that damages actually were suffered as a result of the legal malpractice, and the nature and amount of those damages. Even if all other elements of a malpractice case are established, if the plaintiff cannot show that any damages resulted from the legal malpractice the lawyer will typically be entitled to a dismissal of the case.
About the author:
Gabriel Assaad has successfully litigated multiple cases on behalf of injured victims in the District of Columbia, Virginia and Maryland. Mr. Assaad graduated from a top 20 law school and is a member of national and local organizations dedicated to protecting the rights of the injured. In addition, Mr. Assaad also volunteers as General Counsel to Mission Life Center which provided services (medical and social services) to people in need and Care in Action, an international organization providing AIDS care in Africa.